Exporting to China
First check whether the goods may be exported. Goods that can be exported freely to the USA may require an individual authorisation for China.
This is how an export from Sweden to China works, step by step.
Without the correct export authorisation, trade may be prohibited altogether, not just delayed. Checks belong in your preparations, not at the transport stage.
Seven steps, in this order
1. Check that the goods may be exported
This step is missing from many descriptions of exports to China, yet it can stop a transaction entirely. China is not covered by the EU’s general export authorisation for dual-use items.
Goods that can be exported freely to the USA or Japan may therefore require an individual authorisation for China. Some goods also need permits from authorities other than Swedish Customs.
2. Preparation and product adaptation
Check that your products meet Chinese standards and requirements. This may include specific certifications, quality standards, and adapting product labelling and packaging to Chinese rules.
3. EORI number and export declaration
Your business needs an EORI number. There is no separate export registration with the Swedish authorities.
In addition, an export declaration must always be submitted to Swedish Customs when goods leave the EU. It is the mandatory customs step in the process. Depending on the product, you may also need certification such as China Compulsory Certification, CCC.
4. Find a reliable partner in China
Work with a local distributor or agent who knows the Chinese market, local rules, language and cultural differences. Trade promotion organisations such as Business Sweden can also offer advice and contacts.
5. Logistics and transport
Choose a freight forwarder experienced in transport to China. Make sure all transport documents, including commercial invoices, packing lists and proofs of origin, are in order.
6. Customs duty and import charges in China
Find out which customs duties and other taxes apply to your products in China, and have all necessary documents ready for clearance when the goods arrive. A customs broker can help ensure everything is handled correctly.
7. Secure payment
Use secure payment methods to minimise payment risks. Advance payment, letters of credit and documentary collection are common in international trade. Export credit insurance is another option.
China’s customs authority and how to contact it
China’s customs authority is the General Administration of Customs of the People's Republic of China, abbreviated GACC. In Chinese: 中华人民共和国海关总署.
- Official website. english.customs.gov.cn provides information in English, including news, regulations and contact details.
- Telephone. GACC has an international hotline for enquiries in English. The number may vary, so check the website.
- Email. Addresses for different departments are listed on the website.
- Local customs offices. A distributor or agent in China can help you contact the local office.
- In-person visits. Office addresses are listed on the website.
- Business Sweden. Can help you communicate with Chinese authorities.
Goods you may not bring into China
China has strict import rules for certain goods. Some are prohibited entirely; others are restricted and require permits.
Prohibited goods
- Waste materials, particularly hazardous waste and certain types of plastic waste.
- Toxic chemicals. Many toxic and dangerous chemicals are prohibited.
- Hazardous substances, including radioactive substances.
- Narcotics and illegal drugs.
- Counterfeit and pirated goods infringing intellectual property rights.
Restricted goods
- Medicines and medical products. Subject to strict checks and authorisation from Chinese pharmaceutical authorities.
- Agricultural products. Many require import licences and disease controls.
- Animals and plants. Live animals, plants, seeds and biological materials are tightly regulated.
- Cultural objects. Antiques require special permits.
- Food. Must meet Chinese hygiene and safety standards, including inspection and quarantine.
- Technology and electronics. Certain advanced products may need specific approvals.
What does it cost to export to China?
Several cost items determine the total. Once products are ready for export, packaging and labelling must meet Chinese standards, which may require specific adaptations to comply with legislation.
Transport costs then vary according to whether you choose sea freight, air freight or land transport. Sea freight is usually cheaper but slower. Weight, volume and distance also affect the price.
In addition to transport, customs duties and taxes are payable in China and vary by product type and value. Handling fees and customs clearance costs must also be included.
EORI number for exports to China
To export from Sweden to China, your business needs registration in the EU’s Economic Operators Registration and Identification system, EORI. The number is needed for customs activities including import, export and transit within and outside the EU.
The application is straightforward, free and handled by Swedish Customs. Apply on its website and have your business registration number, contact details and business information ready. How to apply, step by step.
The EORI number uniquely identifies the business in all customs transactions within the EU. It simplifies procedures, can speed up clearance and reduces the risk of delays.
Once your business has its number, everyone handling exports should know it and where to enter it. It should appear on relevant export documents such as commercial invoices, packing lists and transport documents.
Customs duties and taxes in China
Duties and taxes are among the largest cost items. Duty rates vary by product and country of origin. Understanding the rates for your goods is essential for calculating the total cost.
In addition to customs duty, goods imported into China are subject to VAT. VAT is calculated on their total value, including transport, insurance and any customs duty.
- 13 per cent
- Standard rate.
- Reduced rate
- Available for certain goods.
- Paid by
- The importer in China, not you as the exporter.
Chinese import VAT
China also grants duty exemptions or reduced duty rates for certain goods. To establish whether your products qualify, consult someone with expertise in this area.
Read on
Importing from China instead? Read about importing from China.
How the AES export system works is described on our page about the Automated Export System.
Frequently asked questions
Must I register the business for export?
There is no separate export registration with Swedish authorities. You need an EORI number, which you apply for free of charge through Swedish Customs.
An export declaration must also always be submitted when goods leave the EU. How the export process works.
Do I need an export licence?
It depends on the goods, and this is particularly important for China. China is not covered by the EU’s general export authorisation for dual-use items, so goods that can be exported freely to the USA may require an individual authorisation for China. Check before selling, not when the goods reach the border.
What is the Chinese VAT rate?
The standard rate is 13 per cent, with a reduced rate for certain goods. VAT is calculated on the total goods value including transport, insurance and any customs duty, and is paid in China by the importer.
